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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク French Nail ： ウィキペディア英語版 French Nail The French Nail were locally-fabricated and converted bayonets, knives and stabbing weapons for use in the first world war. These were crude stabbing spikes made by adding a point to a steel stake which had its rearmost section heated and bent into a crude handle. A more elegant form of the weapon was the introduction of the ''Poignard-Baïonnette Lebel M1886/14''. Approved as a standard military infantry weapon after its development by Lt. Col. Coutrot〔Roquier, Roger, and Lecoeur, Gérard, ''Les couteaux de nos soldats'', Paris: Editions Crépin-Leblond, ISBN 2-7030-0195-9 (2001): In 1915, Lt. Col. Coutrot, an artillery officer, was serving as the officer-in-charge of the military acceptance board for machine guns made by MAC (Manufacture d'armes de Châtellerault) located in the French commune of Châtellerault, which also happened to be a center of the French cutlery industry.〕 of the French Army, the ''Poignard-Baïonnette Lebel'' consisted of a long, needle-pointed, stiletto-profile blade with wood handle and an integrated knuckle guard made of steel. Originally a conversion of the French ''Épée-Baïonnette Modèle 1886'' (bayonet), and designed strictly as an offensive weapon, the ''Poignard-Baïonnette Lebel'' used a section of the M1886 Lebel' long, narrow stiletto-type cruciform blade, designed to quickly kill a surprised enemy soldier with a single deep thrust. Up to three trench knives could be constructed from a single M1886 Lebel bayonet. Because French industry was working under wartime conditions with numerous material shortages, often using subcontracted labor, even officially-sanctioned French Army trench knives tend to vary significantly from knife to knife. The need for knives was so great that already-understrength French Army formations were forced to demobilize hundreds of former cutlery workers so that they could return to their former jobs and begin quantity production of trench knives for the armed forces. As the war went on, newer and more versatile blade-type trench knife patterns such as the double-edged dagger ''Couteau Poignard Mle 1916 ''(often called ''Le Vengeur'') began to replace the ''French Nail'' and earlier stiletto-style trench knives. The French lead in trench knife development was closely followed by the United States, which introduced three successive trench knife models - the M1917, M1918, and Mark I (1918) - all based directly or indirectly upon previous French designs. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French Nail」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.